独立主格精讲精练

语法直击： 独立主格

结构口诀： 主语不一样，主谓不一致。 1)独立主格结构

例： The baby began to cry afresh, his face very pale and his lips colorless. 主语不一样：the baby, his face.

主谓不一致：his face very pale. 完整句型应该为his face was very pale. 例：Class over, all the students went out from the classroom. 主语不一样：class, all the student.

主谓不一致：class over. 完整句型应该为class is over.

1） with复合独立主格结构 口诀不变，分句前加上with.

例：Last night he was so tired that he fell asleep, with the lamp burning. 主语不一样： he, the camp.

主谓不一致： the lamp burning. 完整句型应该为the lamp is burning. 例：Frank stared at his friend, with his mouth open. 主语不一样： Frank, his mouth

主谓不一致： his mouth open.整句应该为 his mouth was open.

语法体现：

The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.

主语不一致：a large car, its headlight/its horn

主谓不一致：its headlights on. 完整句应该为its headlights was on.

应试难点：

1) 独立主格的作用 2) 独立主格的种类

难点解析：

1） 独立主格的作用 独立主格的使用范围非常的广泛，在需要表达时间，原因，条件，伴随等状语时，都可以使用独立主格结构。

小试牛刀：

Circumstances ______, it is necessary for you to make a new plan.

A. changes B. has changed C. change D changed

解析：两句主语不一致，判定是独立主格结构。分句状语，表原因，根据主谓不一致原则，Circumstances changed 正确。 完整句应该为：Circumstances was changed.答案为D.

3) 独立主格的种类

 名/代词 + 现在分词

Winter coming，it gets colder and colder．

冬来了，天气越来越冷了。  名/代词 + 动词不定式

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month. 这是头三卷，第四卷下月出版。  名/代词 + 动词不定式

They agreed on a division of labor, each to translate one-third of the book. 他们同意分工干，每人翻译全书的三分之一。  名/代词 + 形容词

The baby began to cry afresh, his face very pale and his lips colorless. 那婴儿又哭了起来，他面色苍白，嘴唇发青。  名/代词 + 形容词

My mother sat on the kitchen, her face dull and heavy. 我妈妈坐在厨房里，脸色阴沉而忧郁。  名/代词 + 介词短语

He stood at the door, hands in pocket. 他站在门口，双手插在口袋里。  名/代词 + 介词短语

So Oliver rose from the table and went up to the master, bowl and spoon in hand. 于是，奥利佛手拿饭碗和汤匙从桌旁站起来，向主人走去。  名/代词 + 副词

His chin up, he walked towards the enemies who were armed with big swords. 他昂着头，朝实枪荷弹的敌人走去。  名/代词 + 副词

Class over, all the students went out from the classroom. 下课了，学生们都从教室里走了出去。

实战演练：

计时5-8分钟，请开始。

1. ______production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year． A． As B． For C． With D. Through

2． The weather______ so bad， we had to put the game off． A. was B. is C. were D. being

3. The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father. A. turning B. to turn C to be turned D. turned

4. There ______ no classes yesterday，we paid a visit to the Great Wall. A. was B. being C. were D.had been

5. The problem ______ ，the meeting came to the end.

A.settled B. was settled C. have been settled D. settling

6. The boy lay on the ground，his eyes ______ and his hands ______ .

A. being closed；trembling B. closed；trembling C. closed；trembled D. closing；trembled

7. All flights ______ because of the snowstorm，many passengers could do nothing but take the train. A. had been canceled B. have been canceled C. were canceled

D. having been canceled

8. ______modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

A. If B. But C. With D. Once

9. The murder was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied

10. Weather ______ , we'll go out for a walk.

A. permitted B. permitting C. permits D. for permitting

答案：1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A